both的用法(both的用法总结)
both 和 two 相类似,用来指两个事物。但是two可能指的是多个事物里面的其中两个,而在both的语境里面,是只有两个物品的。中文我们可以翻译成“两个都…”
大家好像看完上面这句话,就知道both怎么用了?真的这么简单吗?我们看看下面几个句子:
Both you are my friends.
You both are my friends.
You are both my friends.
You both know that.
Both you know that.
Both of you know that.
Both Adam and Jane are my friends.
Both his eyes are painful.
His both parents are soldiers.
好了,上面9个句子,哪些句子是正确的?哪些句子是错的?(答案会在最后公布)
both 的词性both的位置很重要,要弄清楚这些位置,我觉得大家可以先了解一下both的词性。在英式的词典中,both可以是pronoun(代词),determiner(限定词),predeterminer(前置限定词),conjunction(连词)。在美式的词典中,会把限定词和前置限定词统一称为adjective(形容词),但其实只是在位置上它放在名词前面作为限定,但并不是起形容的作用。
Both are good !(两个都很好)
Both of you are my friends.(你们两个都是我的朋友)
**句中,both是代词作主语;,第二句中,both是代词,而且与另外一个代词you连用,需要用of隔开。
she held on with both hands. (她用两只手扶着。)
Both my parents are teachers. (爸爸妈妈两个都是老师)
it has won favor with both young and old. (它同时赢得了年轻人和老年人的喜爱。)
上面三句中,**句both hands,both接在名词前,属于限定词(determiner);第二句both接在my parents前面,其中my已经属于一个限定词,所以both就变成了前置限定词(predeterminer),也就是限定词前面的限定词;而最后一句中,后面两个事物需要用and连接,所以在这里both是连词(conjunction)。
以上是给大家普及一下一些语法内容,但其实没有必要真的去记住,属于一种了解而已。
both 的用法1.和名词连用
和名词连用时,可以放在限定词前面作前置限定词,或用of连用;也可以直接放在名词前面做限定词。
both my children (我的两个孩子)
both of my children (我的两个孩子)
both cats (两只猫)
2.和代词连用
代词 + both
在代词做主语或者宾语的时候,both可以放在代词的后面,作为同位语(则代词和both是同级别的代词):
We both + 动词
动词 + them both
both of + 代词
在代词做主语或者宾语的时候,both也可以放在代词前面,用of隔开。当宾语的代词前面是介词的时候,both of them会比them both更常用。
We both dislike soap operas. (我们俩都不喜欢肥皂剧。)
Both of we dislike soap operas. (我们俩都不喜欢肥皂剧。)
He shouted at both of them. (他对他们俩大喊。at是介词,用both of)
*补充* They both 和 we both 变成of形式时,要变成Both of them 和both of us。
3.both不用在否定句中,否定应该用 not...either 或者 neither。
Neither of them can swim. 而不用 Both of them can't swim. (他们俩都不会游泳。)
A: Are Yvonne and Lesley both ing? (Yvonne和Lesley都会来吗?)
B: We don't know if either of them are/is ing. (我不知道他们俩哪个会来。)
4.both... and... 比 ...and... 更加强调两个事物的关联性,both在这作为连词。
Both she and the baby were pletely safe. (她和孩子都很安全。)
She and the baby were pletely safe.(他和孩子很安全。)
both 的位置1.放在主语和动词(main verb)之间
They both wanted to sell the house. (他们俩都想卖掉这房子。)
2.放在**个助动词(auxiliary verb)或情态动词(model verb)之后
They had both been refused. (他们俩被拒绝了。had是**个助动词,been是第二个助动词。)
They will both be sent to prison.(他们俩都会被送进监狱。will是情态动词,be是第二个助动词)
3.放在be动词后
They were both very nice. (他们俩都很友好。)
(X) They both are my friends. (这样是错的~)
4.单独使用,不加the。
A: Are you working on Monday or Wednesday next week? (你是下星期一三上班吗?)
B: Both! (都上)
不能说成:the both!
说到这里,估计大家都对both的所有用法都有所了解了,看得好像头都晕了。能不能简单一点?
代词可以用:we both 和 both of us
介词后用:both of you
放在动词前:you both +动词
放在be动词后:we are both...
放在助动词后:we have both + 动词
名词前(作限定词):both eyes
限定词前:both my eyes, both of my eyes
强调联系:both... and...
They,we 加both of做主语用宾格:both of us,both of them
那么回到开头的9个句子,我们知道:
根据原则4可知,4对,1,2句错;
根据原则1可知,4、6对,5错;
根据原则8可知,7对;
根据原则7,8对,9错。
以上内容由Cambridge dictionary 和 freedictionary整理所得。