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Than是什么意思than英[ðən]美[ðən]conj.比(用于比较级); 宁愿…而不愿; 除…以外; 一…就;prep.比; 超过;[例句]The radio only weighs a few ounces and is **aller than a cigarette packet.这台收音机重量仅为几盎司,比香烟盒还小。
英语中than的全部用法than的用法:
1、用于形容词、副词的比较级之后,比;与…比较:
She is taller than me.
她比我高。
Thomas arrived earlier than the others.
托马斯比其他人早到。
She speaks more English than she did last term.
她讲英语比上学期要多。
It's colder in Beijing than in London in winter.
在冬天,北京要比伦敦冷。
The students in Class 2 are more active than those in Class 1.
二班的学生要比一班活跃。
2、用于 anywhere,different,else,other,otherwise 等之后,除…(外):
She has no other friend than Jane.
除简外她没有朋友。
It was none other than the professor.
不是别人,正是教授本人。
The student is otherwise than his teacher thought.
那个学生并不是老师想像的那种人。
You won't find such freedom anywhere than in our country.
这种自由除我们国家以外其他地方找不到。
3、用于 barely,hardly,scarcely之后,表示时间]一…就…:
Scarcely had I seen him than he spoke to me.
我刚看见他,他就跟我说起话来。
They barely arrived than it was time to leave.
他们刚到就该离开了。
4、用于 rather,sooner等之后,与其…(毋宁、宁愿或不如…):
I prefer to work rather than go to holiday to the seaside.
我宁愿工作也不愿去海滨度假。
5、书面语,用于 than whom,than which 两个词组,比;与…比较:
a writer than whom there is none finer
He is a teacher than whom a better dose not exist.
哪个教师也比不上他。
6、用于计量数目之前,超过:
This car goes faster than 120 miles per hour.
这辆汽车的时速超过120英里。
7、用作连词的意思是“比”,可指两个不同的人或物在同一方面进行比较,也可指同一个人或物在两个不同方面进行比较。
He's more fat than (he's) short.与其说他矮不如说他胖。
They are more brave than wise.他们有勇无谋。
8、用作连词时接名词或代词的主格形式是较正式的用法,若人称代词之后跟有动词, than后的人称代词只能用主格。
He is taller than l am.他比我高。
He swims faster than she does.他比她游泳游得快。
10、带有never(a)的比较级结构后连用了than时,是一种强调说法,通常表示最高级的含义。如:
I've never had a worse morning than today.我哪一天早上也不像今天早上这样倒霉。
若意思明确,有时可省略than结构。如:
He is fine,never better.他很好,比以往任何时候都好。
11、若语义需要,有时可接when,if等引导的从句。如:
You are a little father than when I saw you last .你比我上次见你时胖点了。
有时还可以接没有任何引导词的句子。如:
The game was closer than the score suggests.实际的比赛比所得的分数相比更难分高下。
使用 than 的常见语法难点
本站特约作者陈根花
一、后接人称代词用主格还是宾格
由于than既可用作连词也可用作介词,所以当后接人称代词时,可用主格也可用宾格。通常认为在正式文体中多用主格,在口语或非正式文体中多用宾语。如:
Everyone here is taller than I [me]. 这儿的每一个人都比我高。
Her sister swims faster than she [her]. 她姐姐游泳比她快。
但是,若人称代词之后跟有动词,则只能用主格。如:
Everyone here is taller than I am. 这儿的每一个人都比我高。
Her sister swims faster than she does. 她姐姐游泳比她快。
注意:有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化。比较:
I love you more than he (likes you). 我比他更爱你。
I love you more than (he likes) him. 我爱你胜过爱他。
二、后接动词用不定式还是动名词
1. 当连接两个非谓语动词时,通常应使用一样的形式。如:
It is much easier to get into debt than to get out of it. 借债容易还债难。
He likes playing chess more than watching TV. 与看电视相比,他更喜欢下棋。
He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive.
=He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive. 他认为他自己开车比让我开车要更安全些。
2. 若不是连接两个非谓语动词,则其后出现的动词通常用动名词形式(虽然也可用不定式,但不如用动名词普通)。如:
There are worse calamities than failing your driving test. 比起你驾驶考试不合格来说,更大的灾难还多着呢。
Nothing gives me more pleasure than listening to Mozart. 再没有比听莫扎特的乐曲更让我高兴的事了。
Nothing is more unpleasant than finding [to find] insects in your bath. 最使人不快的是在浴室里发现有虫子。
三、引导比较状语从句的时态问题
若than引导的比较状语从句与主句动作不一致,可以根据情况使用适当的时态形式。如:
He drives faster than he did a year ago. 他开车比一年以前快了。
The house is rather **gger than we thought. 这所房子比我们想的大得多。
若主句为将来时,than引导的从句可用现在时态表示将来,也可直接使用将来时态。如:
We’ll probably drive faster than you do [will]. 我们开车可能会比你们快。
四、引导比较状语从句的倒装问题
than引导比较状语从句时,从句语序通常不需倒装,但在正式文体中,有时也可倒装。如:
City dweller have a higher death rate than country people do.
=City dweller have a higher death rate than do country people. 城市居民死亡率比农村居民高。
五、引导比较状语从句且在从句中充当成分
有时可引导一个从句并在从句中充当句子成分(主语、宾语、表语),为便于理解,有时可视为than后省略了what:
We don’t want to do more than is necessary. 我们不想做不必要的事情。
The pain was almost more than he could bear. 这样的痛苦几乎使他受不了。
She’s not a very good manager she always spends more money than she earns. 她不大会理财——总是入不敷出。
Life here is much easier than it used to be. 如今在此地生活比起从前可舒服多了。
比较下面一句,than后的expected为省略结构:
He returned three days earlier than (he was) expected. 他回来得比预料的要早三天。
六、后接时间或条件状语从句
若语义需要,有时其后可接when引导的时间状语从句以及if 引导的条件状语从句。如:
You are a little fatter than when I saw you last. 你比我上次见你时胖点了。
Joe carries only nine pounds more than when he was twenty. 乔比他20岁时只重了九磅。
They work better together than if they are alone. 他们一起干比他们单干效果要好。
七、同质比较还是异质比较
than 通常用于两个不同的人或物在同一方面进行比较,但有时指的可能是同一个人或物在两个不同的方面进行比较,此时只用于more…than…结构,而不能用 –er…than…的形式(即使是单音节也是如此),这类结构通常可译为“与其……不如……”“有……无……”。如:
He’s more fat than short. 与其说他矮不如说他胖。
They are more brave than wise. 他们有勇无谋。
If we tell him about it, it may do more harm than good. 倘若我们把情况告诉他,那可能弊多利少。
八、与never (a) 连用时如何理解
有时than与带有never (a) 的比较级结构连用,表示强调,通常表示最高级的含义。如:
I’ve never had a worse morning than today. 我哪一天早上也不像今天早上这样倒霉。
若意思明确,有时可省略than结构。如:
He is fine, never better. 他很好,比以往任何时候都好。
I’ve never seen a finer **rd. 我从未见过比这更美的鸟。
I’ve never found a better job. 这是我找到的最好的工作。
九、than any other后接名词用单数还是复数
than any other后接名词时通常用单数形式,很少用复数。如:
He swims faster than any other student in his class. 他比班上的其他任何学生都游得快。
More heat is lost through the head than any other part of the body. 从头部散发的热量比身体的其他任何部位都多。
十、几组容易理解出错的than习语
1.“no +比较级+than”与“not +比较级+than”
(1) “no +比较级+than”用于否定两者,表示“与……一样不”,其义大致相当于其中形容词或副词的反义词用于as…as…结构。如:
He is no richer than a beggar.=He is as poor as a beggar. 他穷如乞丐。
This one is no better than that one.=This one is as bad as that one. 这个与那个一样不好。
(2) “not +比较级+than”的意思是“不比……更”“不如”。如:
He is not richer than you. 他不如你富有。
This one is not better than that one. 这个不如那个好。
2. no less than, no less...than 与 not less than
(1) no less than 有两个意思:一是表示“多达”“有……之多”,强调数量之多;二是表示“简直”“与……没有差别”。如:
We walked no less than three miles. 我们走了三英里之远。
We won no less than £500 in a petition. 我们在一次比赛中就赢了500英镑。
It is no less than robbery to ask for so much. 要这么多,简直跟抢劫没什么两样。
(2) no less...than 意为“与……一样”“不比……差”,强调两者具有同等性。如:
He is no less wise than you. 他跟你一样聪明(他并不比你笨)。
A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is. 海豚与狗同样都是聪明的动物。
(3) not less than 意为“不下于”“至少”。比较:
He has no less than seven daughters. 他有七个女儿之多。
He has not less than seven daughters. 他至少有七个女儿。
3. no more than, no more…than与not more than
(1) no more than表示“仅仅”“只有”“只不过”,强调程度低或数量少。如:
He is no more than an ordinary English teacher. 他只不过是个普通的英文老师。
He has no more than three shirts. 他只有3件衬衫。
(2) not more than 表示“至多”,与at most同义。如:
He has not more than three shirts. 他最多只有3件衬衫(含有或许还不到3件之意)。
(3) no more...than 表示对两者都否定, 意为“既不……也不”“同……一样不”。如:
He is no more a writer than a painter. 他既不是画家,也不是作家。
A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 如同马不是鱼一样,鲸也不是鱼。
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英语中than可用于连词和介词,详细用法如下:
conj.(连词)
1,than用作连词的意思是“比”,可指两个不同的人或物在同一方面进行比较,也可指同一个人或物在两个不同方面进行比较。
2,than用作连词时接名词或代词的主格形式是较正式的用法,若人称代词之后跟有动词, than后的人称代词只能用主格。
3,若than所连接的两个待比较的句子有相同成分,后者通常省略,若所连接的两个待比较的没有相同成分则不能省略。
4,than若是连接两个非谓语动词,通常应保持一样的形式,若不是连接两个非谓语动词则其后通常用动名词。
5,than也可以用于两项事物比较时,引导的是被摒弃的那一项。
prep.(介词)
1,than用作介词时意思为“与…相比”,用于名词或代词前表示比较关系,也可用于在度量衡方面的比较。
2,than用作介词时其后接名词或代词的宾格形式是非正式用法,若人称代词之后有all, both则通常用宾格。
双语例句:
用作连词(conj.)
She was older than I was.
她年纪比我大。
I was inspired to work harder than ever before.
我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。
用作介词(prep.)
This street is four times shorter than that one.
这条街道比那条短四倍。
John is more diligent than anyone else in his class.
约翰比班上其他的同学用功。1.A➕be➕形容词比较➕than➕B(be)
2.A➕实义动词➕副词比较级➕than➕B(助v)译作A比B更...than [ðæn; 弱ðən; ðn]
conj.连词
1.[用于形容词、副词的比较级之后]比;与…比较:
She is taller than me.
她比我高.
Thomas arrived earlier than the others.
托马斯比其他人早到.
2.[用于 anywhere,different,else,other,otherwise 等之后]除…(外):
She has no other friend than Jane.
除简外她没有朋友.
It was none other than the professor.
不是别人,正是教授本人.
3.[用于 barely,hardly,scarcely之后,表示时间]一…就…:
Scarcely had I seen him than he spoke to me.
我刚看见他,他就跟我说起话来.
They barely arrived than it was time to leave.
他们刚到就该离开了.
4.[用于 rather,sooner等之后]与其…(毋宁、宁愿或不如…):
I prefer to work rather than go to holiday to the seaside.
我宁愿工作也不愿去海滨度假.
prep.介词
1.[书面语][用于 than whom,than which 两个词组]比;与…比较:
a writer than whom there is none finer
He is a teacher than whom a better dose not exist.
哪个教师也比不上他.
2.[用于计量数目之前]超过:
This car goes faster than 120 miles per hour.
这辆汽车的时速超过120英里.
1.no more than仅仅,只是
2.none other than正是,不是别的
3.no other than
than的用法than的用法
1、than用作连词的意思是“比”,可指两个不同的人或物在同一方面进行比较,也可指同一个人或物在两个不同方面进行比较。
2、than用作连词时接名词或代词的主格形式是较正式的用法,若人称代词之后跟有动词, than后的人称代词只能用主格。
3、若than所连接的两个待比较的句子有相同成分,后者通常省略,若所连接的两个待比较的没有相同成分则不能省略。
4、than若是连接两个非谓语动词,通常应保持一样的形式,若不是连接两个非谓语动词则其后通常用动名词。
5、than也可以用于两项事物比较时,引导的是被摒弃的那一项。
6、than用作介词时意思为“与…相比”,用于名词或代词前表示比较关系,也可用于在度量衡方面的比较。
7、than用作介词时其后接名词或代词的宾格形式是非正式用法,若人称代词之后有all, both则通常用宾格。
than 读法 英 [ðən] 美 [ðən]
1、作连接词的意思是:比;除…外(用于other等之后);与其…(用于 rather等之后);一…就(用于 no sooner等之后)
2、作介词的意思是:比
1、Easier said than done.说时容易做时难。
2、other than除了
3、No sooner said than done.说到做到。
4、holier-than-thou假仁假义的
5、nothing less than完全是
1、She was older than I was.
她年纪比我大。
2、I was inspired to work harder than ever before.
我受激励比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。1 用以引出比较的第二部分,如I am older than her.
2 用以比较数量、距离等多于、少于、小于,如It never takes more than an hour.
3 表示一件事紧跟着另一件事发生,常用短语:no soon …than如No soon had I sat down than there was a loud knock on the door. 我刚坐下来就有人敲门又hardly…than如 Hardly had we arrived than the problem started.我们刚到问题就来了牛津高阶英汉双解词典
than
/ ðən; ðən; rare strong form ç½ǖï¹ū 强读å¼ǒ ðn; ðæn/ conj (used after a parative adj or adv to introduce a clause or phrase in which a parison is expressed 用於形容词或副词的比较级之后, 引导表示比较关系的从句或短语): He's never more annoying than when he's trying to help. 他要是想帮忙就更让人讨厌他. * She's a better player than (she was) last year. 她演得比去年好. * He loves me more than you do. 他比你更爱我. * She should know better than to poke the animal with her umbrella. 她应当知道不该用伞去捅动物.
> than prep
(used before a n or pron to express a parison 用於名词或代词前表示比较关系): You gave me less than him, ie less than you gave him or (infml) less than he gave me. 你给我的比给他的少(在口语中: 你给我的比他给的少). * I'm older than her. 我比她年岁大. * Nobody understands the situation betterthan you. 谁也不如你了解情况. * There was more whiskyin it than soda. 那里面的威士忌比苏打水多.
(used after more or less and before an expression of time, distance, etc to indicate how long sth takes, how far it is, etc 用於more或less之后和表示时间、 距离等的词语之前, 表明做某事所用的时间、 与某物的距离等): It cost me more than 100. 这个花了我100多英镑. * It never takes more than an hour. 所用的时间从不超过一小时. * He can't be more than fifteen. 他不超过十五岁. * It's less than a mile to the beach. 离海滨不到一英里.